Caught In The Middle: Why Pakistan Can't Choose Between Saudi Arabia And Iran

Islamabad: The increasing tension in the Middle East has created a new strategic challenge for Pakistan. On one hand, Islamabad is trying to advance talks between America and Iran, while on the other hand, its defence cooperation with Saudi Arabia has been continuously strengthened. In such a situation, if there is a direct military conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran, it will not be easy for Pakistan to remain neutral.

Why did Pakistan's problems increase?

Regional tension has increased again after recent attacks on Saudi Arabia by Houthi rebels operating in Yemen. According to international reports, Pakistan fears that if the conflict deepens further, it may have to support one side instead of being limited to only a diplomatic role.

What is Pakistan's 'red line' regarding Saudi Arabia?

According to reports, Pakistani officials have given a clear message to Iran that if there is a major attack on Saudi Arabia, Pakistan will consider it a matter related to its security. This statement has raised questions on Pakistan's neutrality, as it has also been presenting itself as a mediator in the region.

Why did the defence agreement become a big challenge?

Last year, an agreement was signed between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia to further strengthen defence cooperation. Under this, Pakistani military cooperation is already going on. In such a situation, if regional conflict increases, the pressure on Pakistan to stand with its ally country may increase.

Were concerns also increased on the economic front?

Pakistan's concern is not only military. If tensions increase in the Red Sea or the Strait of Hormuz and maritime trade is affected, fuel supplies, import-export and energy security may also be affected. Earlier too, during regional tensions, Pakistan had to take additional steps to maintain energy supplies.

Is the security strategy of the Gulf changing?

Analysts believe that a change is visible in the security policy of the Gulf countries. Now some countries are also emphasising increasing defence partnerships with regional allies instead of relying only on America. Due to this, the strategic importance of Pakistan has also increased.
What are the options for Pakistan going forward?

If tensions between Saudi Arabia and Iran increase further, it will be a big challenge for Pakistan to maintain the balance. On the one hand, it will have to take care of the interests of its defence partners, while on the other hand it will also have to play its diplomatic role of establishing peace in the region. The toughest test of Islamabad's foreign policy in the coming days may be on this issue.